Hey an interesting discussion and I am sure there must be alot of research done into this because if you think just on a one legal states scale how much energy they are consuming to make 1 pound of indoor , any cost/energy savings would make the biggest difference on their bottom line.
Just for debate purposes, here is the Gas lantern routine or 12-1 which reduces flowering times to 6 hours on and 18 hours off. Yields are on par with 12/12. There is also some “facts” somewhere that cannabis does not efficiently absorb light after certain amount of hours.
https://forum.growersnetwork.org/t/anybody-use-the-12-1-growing-technique/